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The Immutable Laws of Brainjo: The Art and Science of Effective Practice (Episode 9)

The Laws of Brainjo, Episode 9

The Meaning of Mastery

 

Adam Hurt – Tradition Bearer or Innovator?

I recently launched the first installment in the Masters of Clawhammer, a series in which we dissect and analyze the story and style of a master player. For the inaugural episode, I was joined by master banjoist Adam Hurt.

Producing the course was a thought provoking experience in many ways, and a topic that I’ve continued to dwell on since the project began has been the notion of mastery itself.

Given that this “Laws of Brainjo” series on the art and science of effective practice is all about how to carve a path to mastery, and given that I just launched a series all about banjo masters, I thought it may be time to address the concept head on!

Which brings me to the question of the day:

Just what exactly does it mean to be a master of banjo?

To start this discussion, take a listen to this tune by Adam, one of ten he played as part of the concert:

 

I think you’ll agree that this tune is gorgeously played and arranged.

And I think you’ll also agree that this isn’t your great grandfather’s clawhammer. Had someone played this recording while you were blindfolded, I doubt you’d guess that it was a mid-20th century field recording snagged in the foothills of North Carolina.

Many would describe Adam’s playing as “innovative”, that his approach is one that pushes the boundaries of clawhammer banjo.

So it may surprise you to learn that, as Adam reveals in the interview, he is very much a student of tradition. Here’s Adam’s in his own words:

“What I think I do different from a lot of people in the melodic clawhammer banjo camp is I use more traditional banjo techniques to create the melodic turns of phrase that I want.“

Adam is often lumped into the “melodic” camp of banjo players (“melodic” meaning he likes to play as many notes from the fiddle as possible), which most folks would consider to be a more “modern” approach to clawhammer. And his playing clearly fits the bill.

Yet, his style has always been uniquely identifiable amongst other melodic players. A few notes into any tune leaves no doubt it’s him.

Yes, this is due in part to an almost inhuman precision of tone and technique. But there had always been something else different about it that previously I couldn’t quite put my finger on.

Now I realize what that was, which is the deliberate, thoughtful, and….innovative use of traditional 5-string banjo techniques in the service of a melodic approach. This is the thing that made his playing stand out most from the melodic crowd.

 

Lessons From Banjo Camp

Back in 2005, back when I was first getting into clawhammer banjo, I attended Suwannee Old-Time Banjo Camp in North Florida. It was an incredible experience in so many ways,  and in retrospect a real inflection point in my life.

If you’ve never been to a banjo camp before, I highly recommend it. There’s something special that happens when people get to geek out in the woods for days around a common interest. Especially when there are banjos involved.

And they’re an amazing – and often overwhelming – learning experience. The focal point of the learning are the courses, but for me, some of the best lessons are learned outside of the classroom.

One of the unique aspects of the experience is that, over the course of the camp, you have the chance to get know the instructors a bit, to get a sense of their distinct personalities.

It was during the faculty concert the final night, after having had the chance to get a least a little sense of who these folks were, that I observed something that would ultimately influence my own concept of mastery, and that would provide a guiding beacon for my own journey as a player from that point on.

Yes, the concert was fantastic. The music was terrific and inspiring, as you’d expect given the lineup of players like Mike Seeger, Brad Leftwich, and Mac Benford.

But the thing that stood out most for me about the playing of these master banjoists wasn’t their impeccable rhythm and timing. Nor was it their purity of tone or technical sophistication.

The thing that stood out was that, in spite of the fact that they were all playing essentially the same style and drawing from the same cannon of tunes, they all sounded very different. More than just different.

They all sounded like themselves.

No, I’m not just stating the obvious. What I mean is that their own unique personalities that I’d come to know a bit of over that weekend were now coming out, loud and clear, through their banjos. They’d somehow managed to take a piece of themselves, funnel it through their instrument, and transmit it out into the world.

It’s natural I think to view mastery as simply the accumulation of technical skill. It’s also the easiest thing to measure and quantify.

Yet, there are masters musicians whose playing is technically straightforward but moving, and there are musicians whose playing is technically advanced but forgettable.

Eddie Van Halen can surely navigate the guitar fretboard with greater speed and dexterity than Bob Dylan, yet both are viewed by many as masters. Why? Because they both know what they want to say on their instrument, and have the technical skill needed to say it.

And the same is true of Adam Hurt. Get to know him a bit, and you’ll hear him loud and clear in the music he plays. His playing is undeniably rooted in tradition, yet also undeniably delivered in his own voice.

Technical skill, then, is a necessary but insufficient condition of mastery.

It’s not about whether you know 300 tunes by heart, or how many notes per second you can play, or if you can solo between the 17th and 20th fret.

It’s about whether you’ve reached the point where you know what you want to say, and you have the chops needed to say it.

Brainjo Law #12: Master musicians have found their voice, and have developed the technical skills needed to deliver it.

With these definitions out of the way, in the episodes to come we’ll get back to the business of how to build a brain that moves us toward the mastery we seek!

For more about the “Masters of Clawhammer Banjo” course with Adam Hurt, go here.


— Go to Episode 10 —

Back to the “Laws of Brainjo” Table of Contents

 

About the Author
Josh Turknett is founder and lead brain hacker at Brainjo Productions
 

View the Brainjo Course Catalog

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Clawhammer Tune and Tab of the Week: “Jaybird March”

Click here to subscribe to the tune of the week (if you’re not already a subscriber) and get a new tune every Friday, plus tabs to all the ones to date.


I love riding my bike.

Not the hard-core-cycling-in-full Tour-de-France-worthy-regalia-on-lighter-than-air-rocket-grade frames  type of bike riding that seems to be the norm round where I live.

No, my favorite thing is just to take a relaxing ride on my well-worn cruiser bike through the neighborhood, maybe up to the local park and back. In fact, one of my goals in life is to one day be able to ditch the automobile altogether in favor of two-wheeled transport.

As you might imagine, I love to listen to music while I ride. And I’ve noticed that there are some tunes that are particularly well suited to bike riding.

Just as there are some songs tailor-made for flying 70(ish) miles per hour down the highway (I suggest “Paint It Black” by the Stones) on four wheels, there are others that serve as the perfect backdrop for casually gliding along the sidewalk on two.

A few days ago, I was listening to the “Black Banjo Songsters of North Carolina” album (highly recommended) while riding. The tune “Jaybird March” (aka “Marching Jaybird”) came into my earholes, played by the inimitable Etta Baker.

Perfect bike riding song.

I actually first heard this tune years ago off of Reed Martin’s landmark “Old-Time Banjo” album. I was so taken with it at that time that I had to learn it right away.

The tune was first recorded, on separate albums, by Etta Baker and her sister-in-law Lacey Phillips (their picking patterns vary a bit, but the essence of the tune remains the same). A little digging reveals that Etta learned it from her brother in law, by way of his father.

The tune is typically played fingerstyle, which was how I first learned it. And I don’t think I’ve ever heard a clawhammer rendition. But riding along listening, I could hear how nice it could sound with a downpicking delivery.

So guess what I did as soon as I got home?

The result: our Tune of the Week!

Jaybird March

gDGBD tuning, Brainjo Level 3

 

jaybird march clawhammer banjo tab

Notes on the tab:

Notes in parentheses are “skip” notes. To learn more about these, check out my [free] video lesson on the subject.

For more on reading tabs in general, check out my complete guide on reading banjo tabs.

And as a reminder, the introductory price on the “Masters of Clawhammer Banjo” episode with Adam Hurt will expire this weekend. Use the discount code “clawfan” at check-out for $20 off until then. Here again is the link to more about the course.

About the Author
Josh Turknett is founder and lead brain hacker at Brainjo Productions
 

View the Brainjo Course Catalog

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Clawhammer Tune of the Week: “Bonnie Prince Charlie”

Click here to subscribe to the tune of the week (if you’re not already a subscriber) and get a new tune every Friday, plus tabs to all the ones to date.


Nope, your eyes aren’t deceiving you – that is not me in the video.

That’s right, this week we have a special guest for our Clawhammer Tune of the Week, none other than my good friend and musician extraordinaire, Adam Hurt!

Some of you may recall back in mid-June I alluded to a special project I’d been working on for Brainjo – one that I was very excited about, and that it had served as the inspiration for that week’s tune, Miss McLeod’s Reel (bonus points to anyone who figures out how this project inspired that tune!).

Well, I’ve been working feverishly on that project since then, and now I’m able to share the fruits of that labor with the first installment in “The Masters of Clawhammer Banjo” series. In this series, I’ll be mining the depths of a master player’s mind, providing a detailed analysis of a master’s journey and style of playing.

Adam is my first victim (and the ideal person to kick off this series), and this tune of the week celebrates the launch of the series.

The tune, “Bonnie Prince Charlie”, is one of 10 tunes he plays in the concert portion of the course, and it’s a killer arrangement. Just a few notes in and it’s clear that this is a master player in top form.

Each tune covered in the course is tabbed out as Adam plays it, and a slightly simplified Brainjo level 2 arrangement is also provided (both arrangements provided below). Furthermore, each arrangement comes with a tutorial video, with the tune played in tandem with the tab, along with close ups of Adam’s hand.

And I’ve provided the tutorial videos for both versions of “Bonnie Prince Charlie” as part of this week’s Tune of the Week (be sure to scroll down to see).

There’s lots more that’s part of the course – a 2 hour interview with Adam (“The Autopsy”), a video “dissection” of Adam’s style, a full concert album download, a book of 20 tabs, video tune tutorials, and a tune-by -tune technique analysis. There’s a wealth of knowledge here, and much to be gained for a player at any level.

And, in celebration of its launch, I’m offering a discount on the course for the next week. Just enter the coupon code “clawfan” at check-out for $20 off (if you’re a Breakthrough Banjo member, this is part of your course materials)

Click here to learn more about the course (including a video taking you through all the content).

Bonnie Prince Charlie

aDADE tuning, Brainjo Level 3-4

Bonnie Prince charlie clawhammer tab, part 1

Bonnie Prince charlie clawhammer tab, part 2

Notes on the tab:

Galax Lick: An arrow above a note in the tab means that note is to be generated using the Galax lick, in which the frailing finger picks multiple strings in succession (the lick is covered in detail as part of the Masters of Clawhammer course)

Skip notes: Skip notes are noted in the tablature is an empty stem. In this case, the picking hand continues in the clawhammer motion, but doesn’t strike the string.

Bonnie Prince Charlie Tutorial Videos (course excerpts)

Slow Speed

Performance Speed

 

And here’s the Brainjo Level 2 version of the tune:

Bonnie Prince Charlie

aDADE tuning, Brainjo Level 2

bonnie prince charlie clawhammer brainjo level 2, part 1

bonnie prince charlie clawhammer brainjo level 2, part 2

Level 2 Tutorial Video

Here again is the link to more about the “Masters of Clawhammer Banjo” course.

Don’t forget to use the coupon code “clawfan” when you check out to get $20.00 off.

About the Author
Josh Turknett is founder and lead brain hacker at Brainjo Productions
 

View the Brainjo Course Catalog

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Clawhammer Tune and Tab of the Week: “Quince Dillon’s High D”

Click here to subscribe to the tune of the week (if you’re not already a subscriber) and get a new tune every Friday, plus tabs to all the ones to date.


A little bit of cyber-digging will make clear that there are some things about the origins of this week’s tune that we still don’t know, and may never know.

That said, here are some of the things I think we can be reasonably certain of:

1) Quince Dillon was a confederate soldier and fifer.

2) Fiddler Henry Reed got the tune from Quince. Whether Mr. Dillon also composed it appears to be unknown.

3) It’s a very cool tune.

4) Playing this tune – in particular that “high D” note  in the A part which, let’s face it, you HAVE to nail – is much less stressful on a fretted instrument (fiddlers may jokingly refer to this as “Quince Dillon’s High E, or High C,” etc. – an allusion to the difficulty in nailing that big jump up the fingerboard on a fretless instrument..).

Furthermore, with both that big two octave stretch in the A part and the use of the C chord, this tune seems intent on reminding you that it’s not your ordinary fiddle tune.

Which, of course, is a big part of its charm!

Speaking of that C chord, which you may have never had an occasion to play out of “double D” tuning, here’s what that shape looks like:

C Major chord

I tend to keep my hand in this shape in the 19th and 20th measures for ease of pickery.

 

Quince Dillon’s High D

aDADE tuning, Brainjo level 3-4

Quince Dillon's High D clawhammer banjo tab part 1

Quince Dillon's High D clawhammer banjo tab part 2

Notes on the tab

Notes in parentheses are “skip” notes. To learn more about these, check out my [free] video lesson on the subject.

For more on reading tabs in general, check out my complete guide on reading banjo tabs.

About the Author
Josh Turknett is founder and lead brain hacker at Brainjo Productions
 

View the Brainjo Course Catalog

The Immutable Laws of Brainjo: The Art and Science of Effective Practice (Episode 8)

The Laws of Brainjo, Episode 8

The Secret To Staying Motivated

 



“Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not; nothing is more common than unsuccessful men with talent.“

                                               – Calvin Coolidge



 

I recently had a personal revelation that I want to share in this installment of the Laws of Brainjo. It’s something that on some level I always knew, but that didn’t really hit my full awareness until just the other day.

It’s a revelation that’s expanded my own understanding of my musical life to this point, one that I think holds the key to helping you keep your motivational fire burning strong.

I’ll get to that revelation in a minute. First, let me briefly address the topic of motivation, and the vital role it plays in the learning process.

 

THE MOST POWERFUL FORCE IN NATURE

I don’t think much of the idea of “talent.” Some of you already know this.

More specifically, I don’t think much of the notion that our innate pre-dispositions or aptitudes have much to do with our final results. The research on learning – including research on musical mastery – shows this notion to be false.

So if, in the final analysis, talent doesn’t matter, then what does?

Persistence.

The biggest key to getting better, to moving from a beginner to an expert in any field, is simply the act of showing up every day. Your single greatest ally in your musical journey is not your own unique set of inherited helical strands of deoxyribonucleic acid floating around in your cell nuclei. Nope, your single greatest ally is not your genetics, but your will to persist.

It’s your will to persist long enough so that you can change your brain from where it is now, to where you want it to be. No player who reached the pinnacle of expertise ever got there without being persistent. Doggedly, obsessively persistent.

Simply maintaining your will to keep going, to press onward and to learn new things is the single most important thing you can do to continue to grow as a musician.

Flipping this around, the single greatest impediment to continued growth and eventual mastery are the things that sap your motivation to do just that; the things that attempt to thwart your desire to show up every day.

Some days, showing up is easy. Some days, it’s all you want to do.

If you’ve been on this earth for any length of time, however, you’re used to the natural ebb and flow of your will. Motivation is easy when things are new and exciting, but ultimately the shine and newness wears off, and the surrounding excitement fades.

Puppy love only lasts so long. Eventually, passionate infatuation must be replaced by something a bit more substantial.

With learning an instrument, this is combined with the fact that in the early days, when you have zero prior skill, your initial achievements feel monumental. On paper, going from not being able to play an instrument to playing through your first song from start to finish is likely the greatest musical chasm you’ll ever cross. After that, there has to be something more to keep you pressing on.

Every musician experiences lulls in motivation. And for some, the dips become permanent. All those instruments gathering dust in closets and attics around the world bear testament to it.

Sometimes it’s because life has gotten in the way, one way or the other.

But oftentimes fading motivation comes from feeling discouraged. And those feelings of discouragement usually stem from one thing: unmet expectations.

In other words, you feel discouraged when you expect to be at one place, but you’re not there. Maybe your goal when starting out was to play the banjo like [insert famous Player X], to play a certain complicated song up to speed, or be able to improvise with ease in a jam.

Whatever the case, you had a fixed idea of where you wanted to be one day, and you’re not there yet. Maybe not even close. And you wonder whether you ever will be. So you get discouraged.

The problem here, however, isn’t your banjo playing. It’s those very expectations that you’ve set for yourself.

So today I want to show you a better way. A way of viewing your learning process so that those unmet expectations don’t happen. So discouragement doesn’t creep in, sabotaging your all-important desire to persist.

 

THE ROOT OF SATISFACTION

So back to that revelation.

The other day, I was reflecting back on my life with the banjo, one that began well over a decade ago. In December of 2001 when I received my first banjo, I was a total beginner. If you’d told me then I’d be able to play things I can play now on the banjo, I don’t think I’d have believed you. I can play things now that would have seemed impossibly complicated to my beginner self.

But here’s the revelation I had recently: My enjoyment of playing the banjo has not changed over the years (i.e. – I’ve always loved it!).

Maybe this seems obvious to you, but it contains what I think is an amazingly powerful truth about human nature. While my skill level has increased exponentially, my satisfaction and enjoyment with the tunes I play today is no greater than the satisfaction and enjoyment I derived from those very first songs I learned. In speaking with other players, I think this is a universal phenomenon. But it’s not one you hear about much.

Furthermore, it contradicts the story we often tell ourselves about when we’ll feel satisfied with our playing.

Because that story usually goes something like this: one day I’m gonna get really, really good, and that’s when the real fun will begin. “When I can play like [insert famous Player X], that’s when I’ll have made it. That’s when things get good!” for example.

But the truth, which gets back to that revelation, is that every stage is fun – just as fun as the next, in fact. This idea that “if I get to that point, then I’ll be happy” is an illusion, a fantasy. Not only does it set us up for unmet expectations, but it even sets us up for disappointment once we reach that level and realize that things don’t actually feel any different.

At first this may seem paradoxical. Surely, I wouldn’t enjoy the same sort of thrill I had from those first banjo songs were I to play them now.

So where does that satisfaction and fulfillment come from?

Progress.

The reason every stage is equally fulfilling is because I’d progressed to some degree. I was playing something on the instrument that perhaps in the prior weeks or months I couldn’t. I’d improved, and that felt great.

By itself, simply playing something complicated or advanced isn’t actually where satisfaction comes from. Satisfaction with your results comes from improving relative to where you’ve just been.

Even better, if we shift our focus to making incremental progress, we’ve substituted an outcome that we may not reach for years – the path to which we can’t even envision yet – for an outcome we know we can reach, where the path to reaching it is obvious.



“How do you eat an elephant?

One bite at a time.“

                                 – Creighton Abrams



ONE BITE AT A TIME

Back when I was a beginner, had I been able to see a video of my current self playing, I would’ve said “yes, I’d like to play like that guy one day.”

Yet, the irony here is that at that time I’d have had no earthly idea how to get there. It was only by breaking up the process of learning the banjo into mastering manageable, incremental steps that the path forward revealed itself.

The danger of setting your sights exclusively on a long term goal is that you have no idea how you’ll get there. If tonight I were to get in my car and drive from Atlanta to Orlando, I’d see nothing but the few feet of road visible in front of my headlights the entire way.

Yet, if I just maintain my focus on staying on that bit of road in front of my car that’s lit up by my headlights, I’ll end up in Orlando. I still had to know in advance that Orlando was my final destination. But to successfully navigate that 450 mile stretch, I didn’t have to know every twist and turn of the road in advance, I just had to focus on remaining on the path I could see in front of me. Furthermore, the way to the next patch of road, the next step in the journey, would only reveal itself once I’d cleared that present stretch of road.

If you focus on making attainable, incremental progress, over time things add up. In incredible ways you could’ve never imagined. And one day you find yourself playing things you never thought possible. But that never happens unless you focus on those small improvements to begin with.

Which brings us to the next Law of Brainjo:

Brainjo Law #11: Maintain focus not on your end goal, but on making consistent, incremental improvements.

— Go to Episode 9 —

Back to the “Laws of Brainjo” Table of Contents

 

About the Author
Josh Turknett is founder and lead brain hacker at Brainjo Productions
 

View the Brainjo Course Catalog

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